# Militia Act of 1903 **Status: stub — expand.** **32 Stat. 775, enacted January 21, 1903. Commonly the Dick Act, after Rep. Charles Dick of Ohio.** The statute that converted the state militias into the modern [[National Guard]]: federal funding and equipment in exchange for federal training standards, drill requirements, and inspection. Amended in 1908, restructured by the National Defense Act of 1916, and completed by the **1933 amendments**, which created the National Guard of the United States as a federal reserve component and with it the **dual enlistment** — every Guard member holding a state commission and a federal one simultaneously. That dual structure is what makes federalization a switch between two existing statuses rather than a transfer of personnel, and it is the premise the Supreme Court relied on in [[Perpich v. Department of Defense]]. ## See also - [[National Guard Federalization Flow]] · [[National Guard]] · [[Posse Comitatus Act]] · [[Insurrection Act]]