# Trump v. CASA **Trump v. CASA, Inc.** (No. 24A884), decided **June 27, 2025**, 6–3, opinion by Justice [[Amy Coney Barrett]], ended the universal ("nationwide") injunction. The Court held that such injunctions "likely exceed the equitable authority that Congress has granted to federal courts" under the Judiciary Act of 1789, and that an injunction may run only as far as needed to give "complete relief" to the parties before the court. It came on the government's emergency applications against three injunctions blocking [[Executive Order 14160]], Trump's birthright-citizenship order. It did not reach whether the order was constitutional, and it delayed enforcement for 30 days. ## The opinions - **Majority:** Barrett, joined by Roberts, Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch and Kavanaugh. The reasoning is historical: founding-era English equity had no remedy that ran to non-parties. - **Concurrences:** - Thomas, joined by Gorsuch. - Alito, joined by Thomas, warned lower courts not to rebuild universal relief through loose class certification or expansive state standing. - Kavanaugh said class actions remain available, and that the Supreme Court will now "frequently be the nationwide arbiter of the interim legal status" of major federal policies. - **Dissents:** [[Sonia Sotomayor]], joined by Kagan and Jackson, called the government's request "gamesmanship." [[Ketanji Brown Jackson]], writing alone, said the ruling lets the executive continue "unconstitutional conduct" against anyone who has not sued. ## What it left open - **APA vacatur.** "Nothing… resolves the distinct question whether the APA authorizes federal courts to vacate federal agency action." Setting a rule aside under § 706 is a route to nationwide effect that survives. - **State plaintiffs.** Whether states can sue on their residents' behalf, and how broad their relief can be. - **Class actions** under Rule 23(b)(2), which became the immediate workaround. ## What happened next On **July 10, 2025**, two weeks later, Judge Joseph Laplante (D.N.H.), a George W. Bush appointee, certified a nationwide class of children born after the order and enjoined it again in *Barbara v. Trump*, an ACLU case. It was "not a close call," he said from the bench. The Supreme Court took that case on certiorari before judgment, heard it on April 1, 2026, and on **June 30, 2026** struck down the order on the merits in [[Trump v. Barbara]]. The outcome was 6–3, but only 5–4 on the constitutional question: Kavanaugh rested on the statute instead. So *CASA* changed the procedure, not the result. ## See also - [[Nationwide Injunction]] · [[Trump v. Barbara]] · [[Executive Order 14160]] · [[Birthright Citizenship Attack]] - [[How an Executive Order Is Issued and Challenged]] · [[Amy Coney Barrett]]