# Upton Sinclair **Upton Sinclair** (1878–1968) was the socialist novelist and [[Muckraking]] writer whose *The Jungle* — serialized in *Appeal to Reason* in 1905 and published as a book in 1906 — exposed Chicago meatpacking conditions and helped pass the [[Pure Food and Drug Act]] and the Meat Inspection Act in June 1906. He had aimed the novel at socialism and, in his words, "aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach." He won 879,000 votes as the Democratic EPIC ("End Poverty in California") candidate for governor in 1934, losing to Frank Merriam amid a studio-funded campaign against him, and won the 1943 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for *Dragon's Teeth*.