# John C. Williams President and CEO of the **Federal Reserve Bank of New York** since June 2018 (previously San Francisco Fed president, 2011–2018). By statute-adjacent tradition the New York Fed president holds the [[Federal Open Market Committee]]'s **permanent voting seat** and serves as its vice chair, and the New York Fed executes the committee's open-market operations. A monetary economist known for work on the natural rate of interest (r*). See the [[Federal Reserve System Tree]] for where the New York Fed sits in the system. *Stub — expand with r* research, the 2019 repo-market intervention, and his role in the Warsh-era transition.*