# Committee Oversight Crosswalk A two-column map of the **119th Congress**: each standing committee on the left, the **departments, agencies, and programs that sit in its oversight lane** on the right. Where [[Congressional Committees Tree]] answers *who chairs what*, this answers *what each committee is supposed to be watching* — the reference for judging which hearings are missing, and the map that will be redrawn if gavels change hands in January 2027. Jurisdiction here comes from **House Rule X** and **Senate Rule XXV**, as modified by decades of practice, memoranda of understanding between committees, and the referral decisions of the parliamentarians. It is not a tidy partition: several agencies answer to three or four committees at once, and a few answer meaningfully to none. The lanes below are the primary ones, with the significant shared lanes flagged. > [!note] How to read this crosswalk > `■` marks a chamber · `▸` marks a standing committee · `→` introduces the agencies in its lane · `§` marks a **money committee** (it taxes or funds, but does not authorize programs) · `⚑` marks a lane scrambled by the 2025–26 executive restructuring, explained in the Notes. Everything named on the right is an **institution, not an officeholder** — this map is built to stay true as people rotate. For current chairs and ranking members, use the committee tree. ``` CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE → EXECUTIVE AGENCY OVERSIGHT CROSSWALK (119th Congress · Aug 2026) │ Legend: ■ chamber ▸ standing committee → agencies in its lane │ § money committee (taxes or funds; does not authorize programs) │ ⚑ lane scrambled by the 2025–26 restructuring — see Notes │ ■ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES — 20 standing committees │ ├─▸ AGRICULTURE │ → Department of Agriculture, all agencies: FSA · NRCS · RMA · AMS · APHIS · ARS · Rural Dev. │ → Forest Service · Commodity Futures Trading Commission │ → SNAP and child nutrition · commodity supports · crop insurance │ ├─▸ APPROPRIATIONS § │ → every federal agency, through the twelve annual bills — the lane is money, not policy │ → it funds what other committees authorize; see the appropriations subcommittee crosswalk │ ├─▸ ARMED SERVICES │ → Department of Defense: Army · Navy · Marine Corps · Air Force · Space Force │ → defense agencies: DIA · DARPA · DTRA · DLA · Missile Defense Agency · NGA (shared, Intel) │ → Department of Energy atomic-energy defense (NNSA) · Selective Service System │ ├─▸ BUDGET § │ → Congressional Budget Office · OMB, budget process only │ → no program-agency lane at all: it sets totals and reconciliation instructions │ ├─▸ EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE ⚑ │ → Department of Education · Department of Labor: OSHA · MSHA · ETA · Wage and Hour │ → NLRB · EEOC · Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp · Institute of Museum and Library Services │ ├─▸ ENERGY AND COMMERCE │ → HHS public health: FDA · CDC · NIH · CMS (Medicaid; Medicare Parts B/D shared, W&M) │ → Department of Energy, non-defense · EPA: air, chemicals, drinking water │ → FCC · FTC · Consumer Product Safety Commission · Nuclear Regulatory Commission │ ├─▸ ETHICS │ → no executive agency — jurisdiction is House members, officers, and employees │ ├─▸ FINANCIAL SERVICES │ → Federal Reserve · SEC · FDIC · OCC · NCUA · CFPB · FHFA (Fannie Mae · Freddie Mac) │ → Department of Housing and Urban Development · Export-Import Bank · Treasury, financial reg. │ → U.S. participation in the IMF and World Bank · sanctions plumbing (shared, Foreign Affairs) │ ├─▸ FOREIGN AFFAIRS ⚑ │ → Department of State — now including the absorbed foreign-assistance portfolio │ → Peace Corps · Millennium Challenge Corp · U.S. Agency for Global Media · DFC │ → arms export controls · war powers · treaty implementation (ratification is Senate-only) │ ├─▸ HOMELAND SECURITY │ → Department of Homeland Security: CBP · ICE · USCIS · TSA · FEMA · CISA · Secret Service │ → Coast Guard (shared, Transportation and Infrastructure) │ ├─▸ HOUSE ADMINISTRATION │ → Library of Congress · Government Publishing Office · Smithsonian (shared) │ → Federal Election Commission · Election Assistance Commission · Capitol Police │ ├─▸ JUDICIARY │ → Department of Justice: FBI · DEA · ATF · Bureau of Prisons · U.S. Marshals · OLC │ → federal courts administration · immigration law (adjudication shared, Homeland Security) │ → antitrust enforcement · Patent and Trademark Office · Copyright Office │ ├─▸ NATURAL RESOURCES │ → Department of the Interior: BLM · NPS · Fish and Wildlife · USGS · BOEM · BSEE · BIA │ → Bureau of Reclamation · NOAA fisheries · territories and insular affairs · tribal trust │ ├─▸ OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM │ → government-wide: OPM · GSA · OMB, management side · National Archives · Census Bureau │ → U.S. Postal Service · District of Columbia · the civil service · inspectors general │ → the roving subpoena lane — it can reach any agency, whatever the authorizing committee │ ├─▸ RULES │ → no executive agency — jurisdiction is the House floor itself │ ├─▸ SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY │ → NASA · National Science Foundation · NIST · NOAA, non-fisheries · DOE Office of Science │ → federal R&D policy · EPA research programs · commercial space (shared, T&I) │ ├─▸ SMALL BUSINESS │ → Small Business Administration │ ├─▸ TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE │ → Department of Transportation: FAA · FHWA · FRA · FTA · MARAD · PHMSA · NHTSA │ → Coast Guard · Army Corps of Engineers civil works · Amtrak · NTSB · Surface Transp. Board │ → FEMA disaster response (shared, Homeland) · GSA public buildings (shared, Oversight) │ ├─▸ VETERANS' AFFAIRS │ → Department of Veterans Affairs: VHA · VBA · National Cemetery Administration │ └─▸ WAYS AND MEANS § → Department of the Treasury · IRS · Social Security Administration · Medicare Parts A/B → trade: USTR · CBP revenue functions · tariffs (shared statutory lane, Foreign Affairs) → TANF and child welfare · unemployment insurance ■ SENATE — 16 standing committees │ ├─▸ AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND FORESTRY │ → Department of Agriculture, all agencies · Forest Service · CFTC │ → SNAP and child nutrition · commodity supports · crop insurance │ ├─▸ APPROPRIATIONS § │ → every federal agency, through the twelve annual bills │ ├─▸ ARMED SERVICES │ → Department of Defense and the defense agencies · DOE atomic-energy defense (NNSA) │ → Selective Service System · military nominations and promotions │ ├─▸ BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS │ → Federal Reserve · SEC · FDIC · OCC · NCUA · CFPB · FHFA · Export-Import Bank │ → Department of Housing and Urban Development · Treasury sanctions and OFAC │ → urban mass transit — the one transit lane the Senate did not give to Commerce │ ├─▸ BUDGET § │ → Congressional Budget Office · OMB, budget process only · the Byrd Rule gate │ ├─▸ COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION │ → Department of Transportation except highways · Coast Guard · NTSB · Amtrak · STB │ → NASA · National Science Foundation · NIST · NOAA · FCC · FTC │ → the Senate has no separate science committee — this is it │ ├─▸ ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES │ → Department of Energy, non-defense · Department of the Interior public lands │ → FERC · Bureau of Reclamation · Forest Service (shared, Agriculture) │ ├─▸ ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS │ → EPA · Nuclear Regulatory Commission · Army Corps of Engineers civil works │ → highways and FHWA · Fish and Wildlife (shared) · GSA public buildings │ ├─▸ FINANCE § │ → Department of the Treasury · IRS · Social Security Administration │ → CMS: Medicare and Medicaid — the Senate's health-money lane │ → trade: USTR · CBP revenue functions · TANF │ ├─▸ FOREIGN RELATIONS ⚑ │ → Department of State, including the absorbed foreign-assistance portfolio │ → Peace Corps · Millennium Challenge Corp · U.S. Agency for Global Media · DFC │ → treaty ratification and ambassadorial confirmations — no House counterpart │ ├─▸ HEALTH, EDUCATION, LABOR, AND PENSIONS ⚑ │ → HHS public health: FDA · CDC · NIH · Department of Education · Department of Labor │ → NLRB · Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp │ ├─▸ HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS │ → Department of Homeland Security and all components │ → government-wide: OPM · GSA · OMB, management side · National Archives · Census Bureau │ → U.S. Postal Service · District of Columbia · inspectors general · the Senate subpoena lane │ ├─▸ JUDICIARY │ → Department of Justice: FBI · DEA · ATF · Bureau of Prisons · U.S. Marshals · OLC │ → federal courts · immigration law · antitrust · Patent and Trademark Office │ → judicial, U.S. attorney, and U.S. marshal nominations — where the blue slip still bites │ ├─▸ RULES AND ADMINISTRATION │ → federal election administration · Federal Election Commission · Election Assistance Comm. │ → Senate operations · Library of Congress · Smithsonian (shared) │ ├─▸ SMALL BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP │ → Small Business Administration │ └─▸ VETERANS' AFFAIRS → Department of Veterans Affairs: VHA · VBA · National Cemetery Administration ■ SELECT, SPECIAL, AND JOINT │ ├─▸ Intelligence (both chambers) │ → the eighteen IC elements: ODNI · CIA · NSA · DIA · NGA · NRO + departmental elements │ → covert action findings · FISA · the classified annex to the intelligence authorization │ ├─▸ Indian Affairs (Senate) │ → Bureau of Indian Affairs · Bureau of Indian Education · Indian Health Service │ ├─▸ Aging (Senate, special) │ → no legislative jurisdiction — investigative only: SSA · CMS · elder fraud │ ├─▸ Ethics (both chambers) │ → no executive agency — members, officers, and employees only │ └─▸ Joint Economic · Joint Taxation → analysis, not authorization — JCT scores every tax bill before it moves ■ WHERE THE CROSSWALK BREAKS — the orphaned lanes of 2025–26 │ ├─ EDUCATION ⚑ Functions moved; committee jurisdiction did not follow. Special education │ administration went to HHS, education civil-rights enforcement to DOJ, career and │ technical education to Labor, with student loans and K-12 formula funding moved by │ interagency agreement. Programs authorized by Education and Workforce and by HELP are │ now executed inside agencies those committees do not primarily oversee. │ [transfers contested in litigation as of Aug 2026] │ ├─ FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ⚑ USAID ceased operations in 2025 and its surviving programs run out │ of State. Foreign Affairs and Foreign Relations kept the lane; the implementing agency │ they were overseeing no longer exists as an independent establishment. │ ├─ DEFENSE NAMING ⚑ "Department of War" is in use as a secondary title by executive order │ (Sept 2025) and rides on the House-passed NDAA, but the statutory name is unchanged. │ This map uses the legal name. │ └─ THE PERMANENT SPLITS Coast Guard, FEMA, and GSA public buildings each answer to two House committees; health policy is split between an authorizing committee and a money committee in both chambers. No agency has one and only one overseer. ``` ## Notes **The three structural asymmetries this map exists to show.** - **The chambers do not mirror each other.** The House splits science from commerce and education from health; the Senate does not. Senate Commerce absorbs NASA, NSF, NOAA, and most of DOT; Senate HELP absorbs everything the House splits between Education and Workforce and Energy and Commerce. An agency can therefore face a specialist subcommittee in one chamber and a crowded catch-all in the other — and the crowded lane is where oversight quietly goes missing. - **Authorizing lanes and money lanes diverge.** [[House Appropriations Committee]] and [[Senate Appropriations Committee]] fund every agency in this map; [[House Ways and Means Committee]] and [[Senate Finance Committee]] carry the tax and entitlement lane. None of the four authorizes programs. When an authorization lapses — as many have — the money committee becomes the only committee still voting on the agency at all, and policy migrates into report language and riders. See [[Appropriations Process Flow]]. - **Two committees can reach anywhere.** [[House Oversight Committee]] and the [[Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee]] hold government-wide jurisdiction, so their subpoena power is not bounded by the crosswalk. That is what makes them the swing committees: everything else on this map is a lane, and those two are a key to every lane. **What the 2025–26 restructuring did to the crosswalk.** Moving a function between agencies silently moves it between committees. When special education administration shifts to HHS and education civil-rights enforcement to DOJ, the authorizing committee that wrote the program keeps the statute while a different committee oversees the agency running it — and neither owns the whole thing. The same break opened when [[United States Agency for International Development]] was closed and its surviving programs were absorbed by the [[Department of State]]. This is executive reorganization functioning as *de facto* jurisdiction reform, accomplished without a single vote on House Rule X. It is the strongest argument in this map for why [[Congressional Oversight]] weakens without anyone repealing anything. **Caveats.** Jurisdiction is contested at the margins by design — committees negotiate sequential and joint referrals constantly, and a parliamentarian's referral can defy the printed rule. Subcommittee-level lanes, which is where most hearings actually happen, are not shown. Joint referrals and the dozens of small boards and commissions (from the Postal Regulatory Commission to the Chemical Safety Board) are omitted for width. Nothing here reflects the *appropriations* subcommittee lane, which is a separate and non-parallel partition — that is mapped separately in [[Appropriations Subcommittee Crosswalk]]. **Officeholders:** deliberately none. This is the evergreen jurisdictional layer; leadership lives in the committee tree and turns over. ## See also - [[Congressional Committees Tree]] · [[Congressional Committees Full Tree]] — who chairs each committee in this crosswalk - [[Committees Hub]] — the annotated index of tracked committees - [[Congress Hub]] — the legislative branch, its process maps, and its support agencies - [[Executive Branch Org Chart]] · [[Federal Agencies Hub]] — the other side of the crosswalk, mapped as a hierarchy - [[Appropriations Process Flow]] · [[How a Bill Becomes Law]] · [[Confirmation Pipeline]] — the process flows that run through these committees - [[Congressional Oversight]] — the power this crosswalk allocates - [[2026 Midterms Hub]] — every gavel on this map is on the ballot in November