# 1830 Midterm Elections First-term [[Andrew Jackson]] administration midterm. Jacksonian Democrats consolidated control of both chambers, but the election also produced the first **Anti-Masonic Party** congressional victories — the United States' first third party with a national electoral presence. ## Result - **House:** Democrats (Jacksonian) held majority of ~141 of 213 seats in the 22nd Congress - **Senate:** Democrats held majority (~26 of 48 seats) - **Anti-Masonic Party:** Won approximately 17 House seats — first third-party congressional presence - **Chambers flipped:** None — Democratic control consolidated - **Net change:** Democratic strengthening; emergence of organized anti-Jackson opposition ## Notable - The **Bank War** — Jackson's veto of the [[Second Bank of the United States]] recharter (July 1832) — was the central political fight of the 22nd Congress (1831-1833) - **[[Indian Removal Act of 1830]]** (passed before this election, May 1830) had been signed by Jackson; the consequent forced removal of Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole peoples (the **Trail of Tears**) accelerated through the early 1830s - The **Webster-Hayne Debate** of January 1830 in the Senate had articulated the federal-vs-states-rights constitutional positions; the [[Daniel Webster]] Reply to Hayne entered American canonical rhetoric ## Connections - [[Andrew Jackson]] — Sitting president; the Bank War defined his second term.